While the memory remains intact, the emotional reaction is dampened, making the memory less overwhelming. By introducing an amnesia-inducing drug during this process, the memory can be disrupted. In the process of remembering, the memory needs to be restored in the brain. (2008) found that the people with chronic Posttraumatic Stress Disorder who were treated with propranolol for a single day had a reduced response to existing trauma while retaining memory of the trauma. (2010) commented that the media misrepresented two recent studies as research on "erasing" traumatic memories, but showed the fear response associated with stressful memory could be greatly reduced whilst the factual memory of the trauma remained intact. The use of a drug to erase traumatic or unwanted memories used to be referred to as "science fiction." Holmes et al. By stimulating rather than depressing these neurotransmitters, memory may improve. By understanding the ways in which amnesia-inducing drugs interact with the brain, researchers hope to better understand the ways in which neurotransmitters aid in the formation of memory. People with Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia are likely to benefit. Researchers are currently experimenting with drugs which induce amnesia in order to improve understanding of human memory, and develop better drugs to treat psychiatric disorders and memory related disorders. Amnesiac drugs can be used to induce a coma for a child breathing using mechanical ventilation, or to help reduce intracranial pressure after head trauma. Sedatives such as benzodiazepines, which are commonly used for anxiety disorders, can reduce the encoding of new memories, particularly in high doses (for example, prior to surgery in order for a person not to recall the surgery). Amnesia is desirable during surgery, since a general anaesthetic should also give the person amnesia for the operation.
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